German Development Cooperation with Indonesia

Province: Aceh

Area: 55.392 km²
Population: 4.211.000
Density: 76 jiwa/km²
Capital: Banda Aceh

Aceh is an Indonesian province located on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra, West of the Province of North Sumatra. Its full name in Bahasa Indonesia is Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam and its capital is Banda Aceh. Aceh has a history of political independence and fierce resistance to control by outsiders, including the former Dutch colonists and the Indonesian government.

Aceh was the closest point of land to the epicentre of the massive 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, which triggered a tsunami that devastated much of the western coast of the region, including part of the capital of Banda Aceh. 167,736 Indonesians, the overwhelming majority in Aceh, were killed or missing and 500,000 made homeless. This event helped trigger the peace agreement between the government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM), mediated by former Finnish president Martti Ahtisaari, with the signing of a MoU on August 15, 2005. With the assistance of the European Union through the Aceh monitoring mission as of December 2005, the peace has held.

Province: Bali

Area: 5.561 km²
Population: 3.331.000
Density: 599 jiwa/km²
Capital: Denpasar

Bali is the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. It is one of the country's 33 provinces with the provincial capital at Denpasar towards the south of the island.

With a population recorded as 3,151,000 in 2005, the island is home to the vast majority of Indonesia's small Hindu minority. 93.18% of Bali's population adheres to Balinese Hinduism, while most of the remainder follow Islam. It is also the largest tourist destination in the country and is renowned for its highly developed arts, including dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking and music.

Province: West Nusa Tenggara (Lombok and Sumbawa)

Area: 20.177 km²
Population: 4.349.000
Density: 216 jiwa/km²
Capital: Mataram

West Nusa Tenggara (Indonesian: Nusa Tenggara Barat - NTB) is a province in south-central Indonesia. It covers the western portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Bali.

The two largest islands in the province are Lombok in the west and the larger Sumbawa island in the east. Mataram, on Lombok, is the capital and largest city of the province.

Lombok is mainly inhabited by the Sasak ethnic group, with a minority Balinese population, and Sumbawa is inhabited by Sumbawa and Bima ethnic groups. Each of these groups has a local language associated with it as well. A 2002 United Nations Development Programme report classified West Nusa Tenggara as the least-developed province in Indonesia.

Province: East Nusa Tengara (Flores, Sumba, Timor)

Area: 47.876 km²
Population: 4.306.000
Density: 90 jiwa/km²
Capital: Kupang

East Nusa Tenggara (Indonesian: Nusa Tenggara Timur - NTT) is a province of Indonesia, located in the eastern portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, including West Timor. The provincial capital is Kupang, located on West Timor.

The province consists of about 550 islands, but is dominated by the three main islands of Flores, Sumba, and West Timor, the western half of the island of Timor. The eastern part of Timor is the independent country of East Timor. Other islands include Adonara, Alor, Komodo, Lembata, Rinca, Roti Island (the southernmost island in Indonesia), Savu, Semau, and Solor.

West Kalimantan

Area: 146.760 km²
Population: 4.322.000
Density: 29 jiwa/km²
Capital: Pontianak

Borneo with an area of 743.122 km² is after Greenland and New Guinea the third largest island on earth. Politically it is divided into three countries. Two Malaysian provinces, Sabah and Sarawak, are located in the North as well as the Sultanate of Brunei; the larger South belongs to Indonesia and is called Kalimantan.

The borders of West Kalimantan roughly trace the mountain ranges surrounding the watershed of the Kapuas River, which drains most of the province. Major ethnic groups include the Dayak, Malay, Chinese, which make up about 90% of the total population. The rest are Javanese, Bugis, Madurese, and other ethnicities. Among the major industries are oil, timber, palm oil and rubber.

Central Kalimantan (Indonesian: Kalimantan Tengah often abbreviated to Kalteng) is one of four provinces in the Indonesian part of Borneo. Its provincial capital is Palangkaraya.

According to the census of 2007[update] the population grew 2.7% annually between 1990 and 2000, one of the highest provincial growth rates in Indonesia during that time. Far more than other provinces in the region, Central Kalimantan is dominated by the Dayaks, the indigenous inhabitants of Borneo. In this region the effects of the “transmigrasi”- programme of the Indonesian government has also led to conflicts between the original people and the “immigrants”.

Central Kalimantan

Area: 152.600 km²
Population: 1.989.000
Density: 13 jiwa/km²
Capital: Palangkaraya

South Kalimantan

Area: 37.660 km²
Population: 3.198.000
Density: 85 jiwa/km²
Capital: Banjarmasin

South Kalimantan is situated in the south-east of the island and is the smallest province but the one with the highest population density. As part of Indonesia’s transmigration programme a large number of people has been moved from overpopulated parts of the archipelago to South Kalimantan. In the past this artificial mix of cultures has often led to social conflicts.

East Kalimantan

Area: 202.440 km²
Population: 2.630.000
Density: 13 jiwa/km²
Capital: Samarinda

East Kalimantan (Indonesian: Kalimantan Timur abbreviated Kaltim) is the second largest Indonesian province. The resource-rich province has two major cities, Samarinda (the capital and a center for timber product) and Balikpapan (a petroleum center with oil refinery). It is consideer to be the most developed province of Kalimantan. Oil and gas play an important role, besides the mining of gold, coal and diamonds. The timber and plantation industry result in massive logging and have become a major thread for nature and biodiversity.

Central Java

Area: 34.206 km²
Population: 32.513.000
Density: 951 jiwa/km²
Capital: Semarang

Agriculture plays the most important role in Central Java. Among the cash crops are rice, corn, sugar cane and tobacco.The administrative capital is Semarang. Around the major cities industry can also be found. Also tourism plays a significant role, with destinations like the famous Borobodur Temple. Central Java is both a political entity and a cultural concept.

Yogyakarta

Area: 3.169 km²
Population: 3.211.000
Density: 1.013 jiwa/km²
Capital: Yogyakarta

The special segion of Yogyakarta is the smallest province of Indonesia (excluding Jakarta). It is located on the island of Java. It is the only province in Indonesia that is still formally governed by a precolonial Sultanate: the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat. Yogyakarta belongs to Java’s most popular tourism destinations because of its cultural diversity and numerous attractions nearby such as the Borobodur and Prambanan Temples as well as the Mount Merapi, an impressive active volcano.